Vascular aging, featuring stiffening and thickening of the large elastic arteries and endothelial dysfunction, is dramatically different between women and men, related in part to sex differences age-related changes in the sex hormone environment. Historically, habitual exercise attenuates or ameliorates age-related vascular dysfunction in older men, however, surprisingly, this is not consistently observed in older women, suggesting sex-specific adaptive responses to exercise training in older adults. Dr. Moreau’s presentation will focus on sex differences in vascular aging and how changes in gonadal hormone (i.e., estrogen and testosterone) levels contribute to vascular aging in women and men. She will also discuss sex-specific adaptive responses to exercise training on vascular function in older adults, and the potential modulatory role of gonadal hormones on vascular adaptations to exercise.